abstract：:Hox proteins regulate specific sets of target genes to give rise to morphological distinctions along the anterior-posterior body axis of metazoans. Though they have high developmental specificity, Hox proteins have low DNA binding specificity, so how they select the appropriate target genes has remained enigmatic. The...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Mahaffey JW

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare multiple malformation disorder with characteristic facial features, growth and cognitive retardation, and many other abnormalities. CdLS individuals were recently shown to have heterozygous mutations in a previously uncharacterised gene, NIPBL, which encodes delangin, a homo...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Strachan T

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pituitary gland functions as a relay between the hypothalamus and peripheral target organs that regulate basic physiological functions, including growth, the stress response, reproduction, metabolism and lactation. The development of the pituitary gland has been studied extensively in mice, and has begun to be exp...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Zhu X,Lin CR,Prefontaine GG,Tollkuhn J,Rosenfeld MG

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Centromeres represent the final frontier of eukaryotic genomes. Although they are defining features of chromosomes--the points at which spindle microtubules attach--the fundamental features that distinguish them from other parts of the chromosome remain mysterious. The function of centromeres is conserved throughout e...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Henikoff S,Dalal Y

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2003, a p53-expressing adenovirus was approved as a cancer therapy drug in China. Consequently, there has been a surge in the need to understand the regulation of wild type p53 function in vivo. The majority of the progress made during the past two years has focused on the cellular factors and post-translational mo...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Lu X

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor blood vessels have multiple structural and functional abnormalities. They are unusually dynamic, and naturally undergo sprouting, proliferation, remodeling or regression. The vessels are irregularly shaped, tortuous, and lack the normal hierarchical arrangement of arterioles, capillaries and venules. Endothelial...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Baluk P,Hashizume H,McDonald DM

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is the year of the chimpanzee genome. Chimpanzee chromosome 22 has been sequenced and soon will be followed by the whole genome, and thousands of chimpanzee cDNA sequences are available for comparative analysis. Not only does this genomic information allow us to identify human-specific changes in particular genes...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Ruvolo M

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The specification of cell fate is integral to embryonic development. Recent research has identified several molecules that are involved in the development of the embryonic vasculature. Their combined actions are required for the specification and development of the arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels; vascular netwo...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Harvey NL,Oliver G

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The establishment of left-right asymmetries in the vertebrate embryo is carried out by complex genetic interactions that impart left- or right-sided information to the developing organs and structures. The origin of LR information is still unclear, but recent advances have provided new insights as to how it is relayed...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Raya A,Izpisúa Belmonte JC

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current state of the gene regulatory network for endomesoderm specification in sea urchin embryos is reviewed. The network was experimentally defined, and is presented as a predictive map of cis-regulatory inputs and functional regulatory gene interconnections (updated versions of the network and most of the under...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Oliveri P,Davidson EH

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ideas of how a system of interacting enzymes can act as a switch are based on the concept of bistability of a biochemical network. This means that, because of the very structure of a signaling pathway, the system can be in one of two stable steady states: active or inactive. Switching from one state to another may the...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Slepchenko BM,Terasaki M

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular disease. Hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension and cigarette smoking are the common risk factors for atherosclerosis. These risk factors unite behind a convergence of mechanism, involving oxidation and inflammation in the artery wall that, with time, gives rise to cha...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Scott J

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of transcription elongation within the context of chromatin is a topic of great interest. Even though chromatin presents a barrier to transcription by the PolII machinery in vitro, this process is rather efficient in vivo. Importantly, the chromatin structure of the actively transcribed genes is altered...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Belotserkovskaya R,Reinberg D

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New structural studies of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complexes mark the beginning of a detailed mechanistic analysis of the eukaryotic mRNA transcription cycle. Crystallographic models of the complete Pol II, together with new biochemical and electron microscopic data, give insights into transcription initiation. The ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Cramer P

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The MCM2-7 complex, which may act as a replicative helicase during DNA synthesis, plays a central role in S-phase genome stability. MCM proteins are required for processive DNA replication and are a target of S-phase checkpoints. Loss of MCM function causes DNA damage and genome instability. MCM expression is upregula...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Bailis JM,Forsburg SL

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful cell migration depends on the careful regulation of the timing of movement, the guidance of motile cells, and cytoskeletal and adhesive changes within the cells. This review focuses on genes that act cell-autonomously to promote these aspects of cell migration in Drosophila. We discuss recent advances in un...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Starz-Gaiano M,Montell DJ

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conserved homeobox (Hox) gene cluster is neither conserved nor clustered in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Instead, C. elegans has a reduced and dispersed gene complement that is the result the loss of Hox genes in stages throughout its evolutionary history. The roles of Hox genes in patterning the nematode ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Aboobaker A,Blaxter M

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primordial germ cells (PGCs), the embryonic precursors of the gametes of the adult animal, can give rise to two types of pluripotent stem cells. In vivo, PGCs can give rise to embryonal carcinoma cells, the pluripotent stem cells of testicular tumors. Cultured PGCs exposed to a specific cocktail of growth factors give...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Donovan PJ,de Miguel MP

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple neural and non-neural cell types arise from the neural crest (NC) in vertebrate embryos. Recent work has provided evidence for multipotent stem cells and intermediate precursors in the early NC cell population as well as in various NC derivatives in embryos and even in adult. Advances have been made towards u...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Le Douarin NM,Dupin E

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of hundreds of plant micro RNAs (miRNAs) has triggered much speculation about their potential roles in plant development. The search for plant genes involved in miRNA processing has revealed common factors such as DICER, and new molecules, including HEN1. Progress is also being made toward identifying mi...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hunter C,Poethig RS

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic study of rats and mice using natural variants, natural mutations, chemical or radiation induced mutations, engineered mutations and conditional engineered mutations has provided the tools for investigating the genetics of disease. The completion of the mouse genomic sequence and progress towards sequencing...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Cox RD,Brown SD

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the Swi/Snf family of chromatin-remodeling complexes play critical roles in transcriptional control. Recent studies have made significant advances in our understanding of the fundamental aspects of Swi/Snf complexes, including the roles of specific subunits, the repression of transcription, and the mechanis...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Martens JA,Winston F

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years, biologists' efforts in achieving gene targeting by homologous recombination in multicellular organisms have been hampered by the difficulty in culturing pluripotent stem cells. Recent advances have eliminated this requirement for several animal species. For large mammals, cloning by nuclear transfer ha...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Gong M,Rong YS

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual susceptibility to cancer in humans is determined by complex interactions between germline genetic variation and levels of exposure to environmental carcinogens or tumour promoters. Only a small fraction of cancer susceptibility is inherited in a Mendelian manner (high-penetrance familial cancer), and most t...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Mao JH,Balmain A

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Engineering cancer-associated mutations into the mouse germline is an important tool for biological studies of growth control and tumorigenesis. Tractable models of many human cancers now exist in which the initiating genetic lesions have been elucidated and, in some instances, where the cooperating lesions are also k...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Weiss B,Shannon K

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retrotransposable element insertions are 20 times more numerous per unit length of DNA in the large human genome compared to the small Drosophila genome. Whereas all Drosophila elements are subject to constant turnover (recent insertion and elimination by selection), this has not generally been the case for human retr...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Eickbush TH,Furano AV

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research has broadened significantly our understanding of how the somite, a specialized mesodermal structure found in vertebrate embryos, gives rise to the cartilage, muscle and tendon cell lineages. The specification of somite derivatives involves the action of patterning signals secreted from adjacent tissue ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Brent AE,Tabin CJ

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SOX transcription factors perform a remarkable variety of important roles in vertebrate development, either activating or repressing specific target genes through interaction with different partner proteins. Surprisingly, these interactions are often mediated by the conserved, DNA-binding HMG domain, raising questions...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Wilson M,Koopman P

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Premutation alleles (55-200 CGG repeats) of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) are known to contribute to the fragile X phenotype through genetic instability and transmission of full mutation alleles (>200 repeats). There is now mounting evidence that the premutation alleles themselves contribute to clinic...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Hagerman RJ,Hagerman PJ

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is a multisubunit complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to its surrounding extracellular matrix. Mutations in the DGC disrupt the complex and lead to muscular dystrophy. There are a few naturally occurring animal models of DGC-associated muscular dystrophy (...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Durbeej M,Campbell KP

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of beta-globin gene expression have concentrated on the analysis of factor binding and chromatin structure within the endogenous locus. These studies have more precisely defined the extent and nature of the active chromosomal domain and the elements that organize it. Surprisingly, the beta-globin locus ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Bulger M,Sawado T,Schübeler D,Groudine M

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TGF-beta binding to the cell surface triggers activation of multiple signal transduction pathways that are connected in intricate ways with each other, and with other response networks involved in sensing cellular information input. Recent data indicate that changes in signal intensity and connectivity of these pathwa...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Wakefield LM,Roberts AB

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the protein product of the BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene has been implicated in a surprisingly diverse array of biological processes, the molecular mechanism by which BRCA1 loss promotes tumor formation remains unclear. Nonetheless, a pivotal advance has been achieved by recent studies that establish BRCA1 and ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Baer R,Ludwig T

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of complete genome sequence information and estimates of mRNA abundances have begun to reveal causes of both silent and protein sequence evolution. Translational selection appears to explain patterns of synonymous codon usage in many prokaryotes as well as a number of eukaryotic model organisms (with t...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Akashi H

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscle cells have provided an especially auspicious system in which to dissect the roles of chromatin structure in the control of cell growth, differentiation, and development. The MyoD and MEF2 families of transcription factors act cooperatively to regulate the expression of skeletal muscle-specific genes. R...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： McKinsey TA,Zhang CL,Olson EN

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocytes differentiate from the endoderm during embryonic development. Recent studies show, however, that hepatocytes can also be derived from rare cells that reside in the pancreas, bone marrow, and brain. Indeed, the latest discoveries indicate that embryonic hepatocytes normally arise by diversion of an endoderm...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Zaret KS

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies in invertebrates have provided important mechanistic insights into several general aspects of muscle development. Two new genes have been identified that are involved in muscle fusion in Drosophila and a novel maternal component was shown to be responsible for myogenic determination in an ascidian. In a...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Baylies MK,Michelson AM

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microarray technologies enable genome-scale expression measurements. Already proved to be of value for the functional analysis of individual genes and biological processes, the application of expression profiling to disease gene discovery is now growing in importance and practicality. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Meltzer PS

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many acquired and familial renal diseases in man lead to kidney dysfunction and nephrotic syndrome. These diseases share a common pathological fate in the form of glomerular dysfunction and proteinuria. Classification of the disease is difficult because the onset of pathological appearance in congenital nephrotic synd...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Khoshnoodi J,Tryggvason K

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During development and differentiation, early inductive processes that influence cell fate at a later stage leave marks at distinct gene loci that are maintained through several rounds of mitosis. The structure of chromatin is part of this epigenetic memory that restricts or permits differential expression of genes in...

journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development

authors： Müller C,Leutz A

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00